| Date | Event | SPY Price | Risk | VIX High | 1Y Return | 2Y Return | 3Y Return |
|---|
Log-Linear Regression: log₁₀(price) vs days since Jan 4 1960 (modern S&P 500 era, scaled to SPY prices). Models exponential growth. The residual measures deviation from the long-run trend.
Structural Risk (Min/Max): Normalizes the residual against all-time extremes (0 = maximum undervaluation, 1 = maximum overvaluation). High when SPY is far above the regression trend line.
VIX Chart: Shown for reference as a fear/greed gauge. Not currently factored into the risk calculation.